At the beginning of folk embroidery in the Kuyavian region, homespun linen canvas was used. As the textile industry developed in Łódź, Zgierz and Pabianice, factory linen and cotton canvas (not only white) started to appear in the country. Such colours as blue, pink and red became fashionable. Kuyavians used fabrics in these colours to sew festive aprons. The hellish aprons embroidered with black thread were sewn from red canvas and flannel. Factory-made fabric is characterised by its varied density. Thanks to that, it was possible to choose the proper fabric as intended. Such fabrics as cambric or inlet appeared. In the second half of the 19th century, cotton tulle used to sew bonnets and aprons became more and more popular. Canvas was embellished only with white embroidery, while the costume’s tulle elements were most often embellished with threaded embroidery. White embroidery was less common.
